Cách đổi active voice sang passive voice và bài tập cụ thể

Nội dung text: Cách đổi active voice sang passive voice và bài tập cụ thể

1. CÁCH ĐỔI ACTIVE VOICE SANG PASSIVE VOICE Active sentence: Sub. + V + Obj Passive sentence: Sub + BE + V3 / V-ED(động từ chính) + by Obj 1- Chuyển: Obj > Subj; Subj > by Obj (Có thể bỏ nếu by Obj không cần thiết) 2-Thêm BE và chia thì tương ứng với thì câu chủ động. Nghĩa là: Động từ chính của câu chủ động ở thì nào thì “ To Be” phải chia ở thì đó). 3- Chuyển động từ chính sang > V3 hoặc Vo ED. ACTIVE PASIVE VOICE NHỮNG TRƯỜNG HỢP PASSIVE VOICE ĐẶC BIỆT a.The simple present: S + V/V-s/es → S + am/is/are/ +V3/-ed 1-Causative form(thể truyền khuyến): Ex: She cleans the floor everyday. a/Active voice: -S + Have + Obj(chỉ người) + Vinf → Passive: The floor is cleaned everyday. -S + Get + Obj (chỉ người) + to infi. b.The present continuous: S + am/ is/ are + V-ing b/Passive voice: -S + Have/Get + Obj (chỉ vật) + V3 / Vo ED. → S + am/ is/ are + being + V3/-ed Ex: I have /get him repair my bicycle. Ex: Mr.Baker is repairing the car I have/get my bicycle repaired by him. →Passive: the car is being repaired by Mr Baker. 2. Sau những động từ chỉ ý kiến (verb of opinion): say, think c.The present perfect: S+ has/have + V3/-ed , believe, report, rumour, know, consider, claim → S+ has/have + been + V3/-ed Active: S1+ verb1 ( say/ believe/ think ) (that) +S2+ verb2 Ex: Someone has stolen the bicycles Passive: → Passive: The bicycles have been stolen Cách 1: It + be + V3 / Vo ED (verb1) + S2 + verb 2 d.The simple past: S + V2/-ed → S + was/ were + V3/-ed Cách 2: S2 + be + V3 / Vo ED (verb1) + to-infinitive (verb 2) / Ex: Where did they find the drugs ? ( S + V2/ V-ed) to have + V3/-ed (verb 2) →Passive: Where were the drugs found ? Ex: People say that he is/ was crazy. e.The past continuous: S + was/ were + V-ing → Cách 1: It is said that he is /was crazy or → S + was / were + being + V3/-ed → Cách 2: He is said to be /to have been crazy Ex: They were preparing lunch when I came there yesterday 3. Sau những động từ chỉ giác quan(verb of perception): → Lunch was being prepared when I came there yesterday. see, hear, smell, feel, taste, watch, notice, make, help, bid. f. The past perfect: S+ had + V3/-ed → S+ had been + V3/-ed Ex: I hear him come in > He is heard to come in (nếu câu Ex: She had written almost ten pages by 3:00 pm. chủ động là coming thì giữ nguyên trong câu bị động). → Almost ten pages had been written by 3:00 p.m 4. Imperative(câu mệnh lệnh): g- Who + V + object ? Ex: a. Open the door > Let the door be opened. Passive: - By whom ? - Who by ? b. They let him go out > He was allowed to go out / Ex: Who wrote this novel ? He was let to go out. → Passive: - By whom was this novel written ? 5. Sau những động từ: like, hate, love, want, wish, prefer, hope. hoặc: Who was this novel written by ? Ex: He wants KHA to take photographs→ He wants photographs to be taken by KHA. Ex: He does not like people laughing at him. > He does not like being laughed at. 6. Các động từ: advise, agree, insist, arrange, suggest, propose, recommend, determine, decide, demand, beg, urge, 7- It + be + adjective + to-infinitive + sth order, request. Passive: It + be + adjective + for sth + to be + V3 / Vo ED Ex: He advised me to accept this job Ex: - It is important to finish this exercise. → Cách 1: He advised me this job should be accepted. =>It is important for this exercise to be finished → Cách 2: I was advised to accept this job. Exercise 1: Rewrite the sentences in the passive: 1. They will construct some new airports on islands. 2. The new president might fulfill this promise as quickly as people would like. 3. They are going to find out the mystery. 4. You can buy videos like this one anywhere. 5. Someone will tell you when you go in to see the doctor. 6. They should have finished the hotel by the time you arrive. 7. Someone has to write the history of the European Community one day. 8. When is someone going to announce the results of the contest? 9. Where will your company send you next year? 10. They ought to have reported the accident to the police. Exercise 2 Choose the best option A, B, C or D to complete the sentence.
2. 1. I shouldn’t . so much coffee last night. I was wide awake till four in the morning. A. drink B. drank C. be drunk D. have drunk 2. The profits are supposed . among the shareholders. A. to divide B. to be divided C. dividing D. being divided 3. When you are on duty, your uniform must . at all times. A. wear B. be wear C. be worn D. be wearing 4. You promised her a letter; you ought to . days ago. A. write B. be writing C. have written D. be written 5. After the test papers to the students in class tomorrow, the students . their next assignment. A. will return – will be given B. will be returned – are given C. are returning – are giving D. are returned – will be given 6. The class for next semester is too large. It ought to . in half. A. be divided B. divide C. have divided D. have been divided 7. The entire valley can . from their mountain home. A. see B. be seen C. being seen D. sees 8. He is wearing a gold ring on his fourth finger. He must . A. have been married B. be married C. marry D. have married 9. A child should . everything he or she wants. A. gives B. give C. have been given D. be given 10. Your daughter has a good voice. Her interest in singing . encouraged. A. should be B should C. be D. have 11. I found this book on my desk when I came to class. It must . by one of the students in earlier class. A. be left B. have been left C. leave D. have left 12. You had better .your chores before Mom gets home. A. be finished B. have finished C. have been finished D. finish 13. These books will have to . to the library tomorrow. A. return B. have returned C. being returned D. be returned 14. Ann’s birthday was on the 5th, and now it’s already the 8th. Her birthday card . a week ago. A. will be sent B. can be sent C. should have been sent D. should have sent 15. You . me to Dr. Gray. We’ve already met. A. don’t have to introduce B mustn’t be introduced C. shouldn’t introduce D. mustn’t introduce 16. Bill .Ann to the party tomorrow. A. will be invited B. will invite C. will have invited D. will have been invited. 17. A new hospital .in this area. A. are going to be built B. builds C. is going to be built D. is going to build 18. Mike . What’s going on in his English class. A. can’t understand B. can’t be understood C. could have understood D. could have been understood 19. Our test papers .by our teachers now. A. are marking B. are being marked C. will mark D. will be marked 20. .the birds in your garden at three o’clock yesterday afternoon? A. Did you feed B. Were you fed C. Were you being fed D. Were you feeding Exercise 3: Multiple choices 1. Many U.S. automobiles in Detroit, Michigan. A. manufacture B. have manufactured C. are manufactured D. are manufacturing 2. I still can’t believe it! My bicycle last night. A. was stolen B. was stealing C. Stolen D. stole 3. Let’s go ahead and do it now. Nothing by waiting. A. will be accomplished B. accomplished C. has accomplished D. accomplishes 4.” When ? “ - In 1928 A. penicillin was discovered B. did penicillin discovered C. was penicillin discovered D. did penicillin discover 5. The rescuers for their bravery and fortitude in locating the lost mountain climbers. A. were praised B. praised C. were praising D. praising 6. Vitamin C by the human body. It gets into the bloods stream quickly. A. absorbs easily B. is easily absorbing C. is easily absorbed D. absorbed easily 7. Renoir is one of the most popular French impressionist painters. His paintings masterpieces all over the world. A. had considered B. are considering C. are considered D. consider 8. We can’t go along here because the road is . A. been repaired B. being repaired C. Repaired D. Repairing 9. More than 50 films in HCMC since June. A. were shown B. had been shown C. have been shown D. have shown
3. PASSIVE VOICE PRACTICE 1 I. Complete using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets. 1. When people .(arrest), they (take) to the police station. 2. Milk (usually/keep) in the fridge. 3. (we/tell) what’s in next week’s test? 4. How did people communicate over long distances before the phone (invent) 5. (you/ allow) to come to the party next Saturday? 6. You .(give) your exam results next Monday. 7. (Alain’s bike/ find) yesterday? II. Complete using the correct passive form of the verbs in the box. Call catch find investigate rob send Yesterday morning, the local bank in the high street . One minute later, the police . When the police arrived at the bank, the crime scene . After that, the robbers’ fingertips . An hour later, the robbers . Next week, they to prison. III. Rewrite the following sentences in Passive. 1. Will they sent the letters first class? 2. I’m not sure if they eat pizza in China. 3. Someone told me that they don’t make cars in the UK anymore. 4. Do they usually feed the animals three times a day? 5. Mr. John is ill, so he won’t give us a geography test today! 6. Did they take her to hospital in an ambulance? 7. I think John has taken my jacket. 8. You should cook the chicken for at least an hour. 9. They’re showing that film at the cinema in town. 10. They hadn’t invented digital cameras when we took that photo. 11. When I got there, Carly was doing the ironing, so I didn’t have to do it. 12. They were using hot soapy water to wash al the cars. IV. Supply the correct tense and voice. 1/ Everyone (shock) was shocked by the news yesterday. 2/ Almost everyone (enjoy) enjoyed the lecture last night. 3/ English (speak) ___ all over the world. 4/ A terrible accident (happen) ___ right here at 6 o’clock last night. 5/ Mr. Smith (teach) ___ at this university since 1985. 6/ Not much (say) ___ about the matter since last week. 7/ He (borrow) ___ the money from her two weeks ago. 8/ A new textbook (publish) ___ by that company next year. 9/ Everything (go) ___ well so far. There (be) ___ no trouble yet. 10/ Who the book (write) ___ by ? 11/ Think carefully. I’m sure you (remember) ___ his name. 12/ The report (examine) ___ now. V. Turn into the passive voice. 1/ He is running his own restaurant. 2/ The secretary opens the mails every morning. 3/ The teacher doesn’t allow me to take the seat by the window. 4/ Tom’s absence worried his mother. 5/ They are building a new school in this town. 6/ You should finish the report right now. 7/ We shall discuss the matter in the afternoon. 8/ Are you going to post this letter ? 9/ He has to pay the bills before the fifth of the month. 10/ No one has opened that box for the past hundred years. 11/ The boy screamed while the dentist was pulling out one of his teeth. 12/ The enemy used to attack the bay. 13/ The fire has destroyed many houses.
4. 14/ The children are carrying the chairs into the house. 15/ They awarded him the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1946. 16/ We saw him leave the office at 6 o’clock this morning. 17/ My parents didn’t let me go to school this morning because I was ill. 18/ You ought to water these plants once a week. 19/ People saw her driving a car near the bridge. 20/ They said that he was the richest man in the town. 21/ Scientists began to carry out researches on AIDS in 1981. 22/ The boy knew that they were praising him. 23/ Everybody believed that he had died of lung cancer. 24/ They hadn’t built the bridge when we first came here. 25/ I can assure you that I will arrange everything in time. VI . Change to the active voice. 1/ Progress in science is being made day after day. 2/ The palace was designed by a French architect. 3/ The road in front of my house has been paved. 4/ You can see that the dishes haven’t been washed. 5/ Our salaries will not be increased this year. 6/ Wasn’t that theatre built two years ago ? 7/ The problem may be discussed again. 8/ My brother has been offered a well-paid job. 9/ It is reported that the war started again in South America. 10/ I was told that I was going to be appointed manager of this company. Yes - No questions : a. Do they teach English here ? b. Will you invite her to your wedding party ? c. Did the teacher give some exercises ? d. Is she going to write poem ? e. Have they changed the window of the laboratory ? f. Is she making big cakes for the party ? g. Has Tom finished the work ? h. Are the police making inquires about the thief. i. Must we finish the test before ten ? j. Will buses bring the children home ? 2. Wh - questions : a. Why didn’t they help him ? b. How many games has the team played ? c. Where do people speak English ? d. Who are they keeping in the kitchen ? e. How can they open this safe ? f. What books are people reading this year ? g. How did the police find the lost man ? h. Who looked after the children for you ? i. How long have they waited for the doctor ? j. What time can the boys hand in their papers ? 3. Sentences with two Objects : a. The teacher gave each of us two exercise books. b. Someone will tell him that news. c. They had sent enough money to these poor boys. d. They have given the women in most countries in the world the right to vote. e. They paid me a lot of money to do the job.
5. PASSIVE VOICE PRACTICE 2 I. Choose the correct word or phrase. 1. The prime minister was/ has criticized for his recent actions. 2. When I walked past the Wilsons’ house, their new sofa was/ has being delivered. 3. Our teacher was/ has told us to tale our favourite book to school tomorrow. 4. I think my mobile was/ has been stolen 5. Jonathan was/ has chosen to play the lead role in the school play. 6. I’m sleeping downstairs because my bedroom is being painted/ has been painting. 7. This picture was/ has probably taken during the winter. 8. Your essays must be/ have handed in on Friday morning. 9. Someone was/ has left their wallet on the floor. 10. Did you hear about the bank being/ having robbed? 11. Treasure Island was/ has written by Robert Louis Stevenson. 12. It was a real shock when my dad was/ has fried from his job. 13. The Vikings had visited America before it was/ has discovered by Columbus. 14. When we got to the airport, we learned that our flight was/ had been delayed. 15. Was/ has your ticket for the concert tomorrow paid for by you and your parents. II. Complete using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets. 1. The Earth (hold) by the gravity of the sun and orbits around it. 2. The first feature-length comedy film (create) by Charlie Chaplin. 3. The award for best video (present) later this evening. 4. By the time you read this, I (arrest) for murder. 5. I don’t know whether our tests (mark) yet or not. 6. Radio waves (discover) by Marconi. 7. You wouldn’t think it to look at him now, but Jack (bully) when he was at school. 8. Your application (consider) and we will let you know as soon as we’ve made a decision. 9. The roof of the car can (lower) by pressing this button here. 10. Our tent (blow) over in the night by the wind. 11. Chess (play) for around two thousands years now. 12. Two men (question) at this moment by police in connection with the burglary. III. Write sentences in the passive. 1. Our car/ service/ a mechanic/ at the moment. 2. A man/ shoot/ an air gun/ outside the petrol station last night. 3. Gunpowder/ invent/ Chinese. 4. At the surgery yesterday/ I/ examine/ Dr Peterson/ and I/ give/ a description. 5. I went to see it because I/ tell/ it was a good film/ all my friends. 6. This photograph/ take/ my grandfather. 7. It looked like the window/ break/ a harmer/ sometime/ before. 8. Our dog/ give/ an injection/ a special syringe / the vet. 9. The winning goal in last night’s match/ score/ Donatello/ a brilliant free kick. 10. Your cheque/ send/ last Friday and/ should/ deliver/ to you tomorrow. IV. Rewrite in the passive starting with the words given. A. 1. Someone has scratched my car on the door! My car 2. Tommy is having an operation right now. Tommy is being 3. Has Fiona invited you to her party? Have .? 4. Shakespeare probably wrote this play in 1587. This play 5. The government is considering a new law to ban smoking following new research. A new law to ban 6. My mum told me to go to Megagrocers. I 7. I didn’t understand a word so I asked my teacher and she explained it to me. I didn’t understand a word so I got B. 1. People say that Bali is a beautiful island. It 2. People generally think that life won’t be found on Mars. It . 3. It’s generally said that Christmas is too commercialized. Christmas 4. People often argue that prison doesn’t work, It . 5. People have suggested that the school should start to produce a magazine. It . 6. People say that crocodile tastes like squid. Crocodile . 7. It is said that the Vikings discovered America before Columbus. The Vikings 8. People think that hear disease is cause by eating the wrong things. Heart disease .
6. KEY- PASSIVE VOICE- PRACTICE I. Choose the correct word or phrase. 1. The prime minister was/ has criticized for his recent actions. 2. When I walked past the Wilsons’ house, their new sofa was/ has being delivered. 3. Our teacher was/ has told us to tale our favourite book to school tomorrow. 4. I think my mobile was/ has been stolen 5. Jonathan was/ has chosen to play the lead role in the school play. 6. I’m sleeping downstairs because my bedroom is being painted/ has been painting. 7. This picture was/ has probably taken during the winter. 8. Your essays must be/ have handed in on Friday morning. 9. Someone was/ has left their wallet on the floor. 10. Did you hear about the bank being/ having robbed? 11. Treasure Island was/ has written by Robert Louis Stevenson. 12. It was a real shock when my dad was/ has fried from his job. 13. The Vikings had visited America before it was/ has discovered by Columbus. 14. When we got to the airport, we learned that our flight was/ had been delayed. 15. Was/ has your ticket for the concert tomorrow paid for by you and your parents. II. Complete using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets. 1. The Earth (hold) by the gravity of the sun and orbits around it. Is held 2. The first feature-length comedy film (create) by Charlie Chaplin. Was created 3. The award for best video (present) later this evening. Will / is going to be presented 4. By the time you read this, he (arrest) for murder. Had been arrested 5. I don’t know whether our tests (mark) yet or not. Have been marked 6. Radio waves (discover) by Marconi. Were discovered 7. You wouldn’t think it to look at him now, but Jack (bully) when he was at school. Was bullied 8. Your application (consider) and we will let you know as soon as we’ve made a decision. Is being considered 9. The roof of the car can (lower) by pressing this button here. Be lowered 10. Our tent (blow) over in the night by the wind. Was blown 11. Chess (play) for around two thousands years now. Has been played 12. Two men (question) at this moment by police in connection with the burglary. Are being questioned III. Write sentences in the passive. 1. Our car is being serviced by a mechanic at the moment. 2. A man was shot with an air gun outside the petrol station last night. 3. Gunpowder was invented by the Chinese. 4. At the surgery yesterday, I was examined by Dr Peterson and I was given a description. 5. I went to see it because I had been told it was a good film by all my friends. 6. This photograph was taken by my grandfather. 7. It looked like the window had been broken by a harmer sometime before. 8. Our dog was given an injection with a special syringe by the vet. 9. The winning goal in last night’s match was scored by Donatello with a brilliant free kick. 10. Your cheque was sent last Friday and should be delivered to you tomorrow. IV. Rewrite in the passive starting with the words given. A. 1. Someone has scratched my car on the door! My car has been scratched on the door. 2. Tommy is having an operation right now. Tommy is being operated on right now. 3. Has Fiona invited you to her party? Have you been invited to Fiona’s party? 4. Shakespeare probably wrote this play in 1587. This play was probably written by Shakespeare in 1587 5. The government is considering a new law to ban smoking following new research. A new law to ban smoking is being considered following new research. 6. My mum told me to go to Megagrocers. I was told/ sent to Megagrocers by my mum. 7. I didn’t understand a word so I asked my teacher and she explained it to me. I didn’t understand a word so I got my teacher to explain it to me. B. 1. People say that Bali is a beautiful island. It is said that Bali is a beautiful island. 2. People generally think that life won’t be found on Mars. It is generally thought that life won’t be found on Mars. 3. It’s generally said that Christmas is too commercialized. Christmas is generally said to be too commercialized 4. People often argue that prison doesn’t work, It is often argued that prison doesn’t work 5. People have suggested that the school should start to produce a magazine. It has been suggested that the school should 6. People say that crocodile tastes like squid. Crocodile is said to taste like squid 7. It is said that the Vikings discovered America before Columbus. The Vikings are said to have discovered . 8. People think that hear disease is caused by eating the wrong things. Heart disease is thought to be caused by eating