Đề cương ôn tập Unit 7 môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 10 (Chương trình mới) - Trường THPT Thái Phiên

Nội dung text: Đề cương ôn tập Unit 7 môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 10 (Chương trình mới) - Trường THPT Thái Phiên

1. UNIT 7. CULTURAL DIVERSITY ( PART I) A. NỘI DUNG CẦN GHI NHỚ: I. Vocabulary: - assignment (n) a piece of work a ss is asked to do: bài tập - presentation (n) way of saying / showing: bài trình bày - similarity (n) ≠ difference giống nhau > < illegal (adj) : hợp pháp ., bất hợp pháp - symbolize(v) – symbol (n) : tượng trưng, biểu tượng - present (v) – present (n) trình bày (v): hiện tại, món quà (n) II. Phrasal verbs/ structures: - to waste money on sth: lãng phí tiền vào việc gì - no matter what : cho dù . - to play an important part in .: đóng vai trò quan trọng - to have influence on : có ảnh hưởng - to place great value on : đặt giá trị cao - to provide sb with sth : cung cấp ai cái gì - to object to sb/sth/V-ing sth. : phản đối - to involve in : liên quan đến, can thiệp vào - to be / get engaged to sb: đính hôn với ai - to be/ get married to sb: kết hôn với ai - to propose to sb/to ask sb to marry you : cầu hôn - to arrange / plan a wedding : lên kế hoạch/ sắp xếp đám cưới - to make a toast to the bride and groom : nâng cốc chúc mừng cô dâu chú rể
2. III. Pronunciation: Stress in two-syllable words with the same spelling Note: Verb ( the second syllabe) , Noun or adjective (the first syllable)  (v)  (n)  (v)  (n) increase [in'kri:s] increase ['iŋkri:s] export [ik'spɔ:t] export ['ekspɔ:t] decrease [di'kri:s] decrease ['di:kri:s] protest [prə'test] protest ['prəutest] perfect (a) ['pз:fikt] perfect [pə: 'fekt] object [əb'dʒekt] object ['ɔbdʒikt] present (n/a) ['preznt] present [pri'zent] rebel [ri'bel] rebel ['rebl] import ['impɔ:t] import [im'pɔ:t] contrast [kən'tra:st] contrast ['kɔntra:st] IV. Grammar: Comparative and Superlative Adjectives 1. Equality (So sánh bằng) S + V + as + adj/adv + as + N/pronoun S + V + not + so/as + adj/adv + N/Pronoun Ex: - This boy is as tall as that one. - Population of Ho Chi Minh city isn't as much as that of Bangkok. 2. Comparatives and superlatives a.Comparative (So sánh hơn) Short adj/adv: S + V + adj/adv + er + than + N/pronoun Long adj/adv: S + V + more + adj/adv + than + N/pronoun So sánh kém/ ít hơn: S + V + less + adj/adv + than + N/pronoun. (không phân biệt tính từ/trạng từ ngắn dài) Ex: - She is taller than I/me - This boy is more intelligent than that one. - My close friend is less studious than me. b. Superlative (So sánh hơn nhất) Short adj/adv: S + V + the + adj/adv + est + (N/pronoun) Long adj/adv: S + V + the most + adj/adv + (N/pronoun) So sánh ít/kém nhất:S + V + the least + adj/adv + (N/pronoun).(không phân biệt tính từ/trạng từ ngắn dài) Ex: - She is the tallest girl in the village. – She is the tallest in the village. - He is the most gallant boy in his class. – This boy is the most gallant in his class. - Tom is the least active boy in our neighbourhood. Chú ý: - Những tính từ ngắn kết thúc bằng một phụ âm mà ngay trước nó là nguyên âm duy nhất thì chúng ta nhân đôi phụ âm lên rồi thêm "-er" trong so sánh hơn và "est" trong so sánh nhất.(ex:hot > hotter/the hottest) - Những tính từ có hai âm tiết kết thúc bằng chữ "-y" thì đổi "y" thành "i" rồi thêm "-er" trong so sánh hơn và "- est" trong so sánh nhất(ex: happy >happier/the happiest) - Những tính từ/trạng từ có hai âm tiết nhưng kết thúc bằng "-le","-et","-ow","-er" vẫn xem là tính từ ngắn (gentle, narrow, clever, quiet gentler/the gentlest) - Các tính từ so sánh bất quy tắc o good better/the best o bad worse/the worst
3. o many(much) more/the most o little less/the least o far farther(further)/the farthest(the furthest) PRACTICE I. Phonetic: Choose the word which has difference stress pattern: 1. A. wedding B. engage C. happy D. party 2. A. expense B. success C. ritual D. believe 3. A. affect B. woman C. approve D. depend 4. A. asleep B. custom C. culture D. manner 5. A. knowledge B. married C. bridesmaid D. exchange 6. A. present B. doctor C. flower D. woman 7. A. beauty B. object C. groommate D. nation II. Vocabulary and expressions: Exercise 1.Circle the correct words in brackets to complete the sentences. 1. My cousin’s mariage / wedding is next Sunday. 2. On the wedding day, the best man is expected to help the groom / bride. 3. The groom / bride can have as many bridesmaids as she wants. 4. There is a wedding proposal / reception for all guests after the wedding ceremony. 5. There will be about 100 grooms / guests at my cousin’s wedding. 6. In the past, the proposal and engagement ceremonies took place one or two years before / after the wedding. 7. My brother got engaged / married to one of his friends from college and started saving for the big day. Exercise 2.Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences: 1. There is a wedding ___ for all the guests after the wedding ceremony. A. proposal B. reception C. anniversary D. celebration 2. A___is the person who keeps the bride calm, help her ready and looks after her dress. A. groom B. bridegroom C. bridesmaid D. groomsman 3. As a country with many mysteries and legends, Vietnam has kept various ___beliefs about daily activities. A. superstition B. superstitious C. superstitive D. superstitiously 4. I see a lot of ___ between Vietnamese and British cultures. A. similar B. similarly C. similarity D. similarities 5. Jack and Rose need the ___ of their parents before holding a wedding ceremony. A. approve B. approving C. approval D. approvable Exercise 3. Give the correct form of the given words to complete the following sentences: 1. Susan believes in ghosts and the world for the dead. She is so ___. (SUPERSTITION) 2. Their ___ of the plan caused the experiment to be abandoned. (APPROVE) 3. He is so ___ that he had an accident. (CARE) 4. Many women nowadays often seek financial ___by going out to work. (DEPEND) 5. All the guests got dressed in ___ costume. (NATION) 6. Boys and girls may behave ___ in this situation. (DIFFERENCE) 7. The 23rd mascot eagle is the ___ of elegance, strength and pride. (SYMBOLIZE) 8. Claulfied claimed they had ___ against him because of his nationality. (DISCRIMINATION) 9. There is no evidence of his direct ___ in the bombing. (INVOLVE) 10. The exact origin of the universe remains a ___. (MYSTERIOUS)
4. III. Grammar Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with the comparative and superlative of the adjectives in brackets. 1. A cut is ___ (painful) than an insect bite. 2.The weather this summer is even (bad) ___ than last summer. 3. Apartments are usually ___ (cheap) than separate houses. 4. A tumour is ___ (bad) of all diseases. 5. Which is the (dangerous) ___ animal in the world? 6. A man is normally___ (strong) than a woman. 7. This flower is (beautiful) ___ than that one. 8. This is the (interesting) ___ book I have ever read. 9. Fruit and vegetables are ___ (healthy) than fast food. 10. Fish is one of ___ (nutritious) food possible. Exercise 2. Choose the best correct answer 1. My father is happy because I get results at school. a. bad b. good c. intelligent d. well 2. My English this term is than that of last year. a. good b. gooder c. better d. best 3. Her math result is than her English result. a. bad b. badly c. worse d. well 4. Detective books are than science fiction ones. a. more interesting b. interestingly c. interestinger d. interesting 5. He feels than last year because his study results are a. happy/ good b. happier/ gooder c. more happy/more good d. happier/better 6. He is at maths than at any other subjects. a. better b. more good c. goodlier d. gooder 7. Phuong can speak English than Minh. a. more fluent b. fluently c. fluent d. more fluently 8. Her voice is than her sister's/. a. beautiful b. more beautiful c. beautifully d. more beautifully 9. Her literature result is much than it was last year. a. good b. well c. more well d. better 10. Cinderrella danced than any other girls at the ball. a. more graceful b. gracefuler c. gracefully d. more gracefully IV. Reading. 1. Fill in each gap with one correct word: Both traditional and (1) ___Vietnamese weddings include 3 steps: the (2) ___ceremony, the (3) ___ ceremony, and the (4) ___ ceremony. However, the modern ones are more (5) ___ than the traditional ones, so their (6) ___ are much greater than in the past. Most of the expenses are (7) ___ by the couple’s parents and with the money the guests give the couple as wedding (8) ___. 2. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer: These days, most people in Britain and the US do not wear very formal clothes. But sometimes it is important to wear the right thing. Many British people don’t think about clothes very much. They just like to be comfortable. When they go out to enjoy themselves, they can wear almost anything. At theatres, cinemas and concerts you can put on what you like from elegant suits and dresses to jeans and sweaters. Anything goes, as long as you look clean and tidy.
5. But in Britain, as well as the US, men in offices usually wear suits and ties, and women wear dresses of skirts (not trousers). Doctors, lawyers and business people wear quite formal clothes. And in some hotels and restaurants men have to wear ties and women wear smart dresses. In many years, Americans are more relaxed than British people, but they are more careful with their clothes. At home, or on holiday, most Americans wear informal or sporty clothes. But when they go out in the evening, they like to look elegant. In good hotels and restaurants, men have to wear jackets and ties, and women wear pretty clothes and smart hairstyles. It is difficult to say exactly what people wear informal or formal in Britain and the US, because everyone is different. If you are sure what to wear, watch what other people do and then do the same. You’ll feel more relaxed if you don’t look too different from everyone else. 1. Many British people wear freely when they ___. A. attend meetings B. attend lectures C. spend their spare time D. meet their friends 2. Who doesn’t usually wear suits and ties? A. Lawyers B. Doctors C. Drivers D. Secretaries 3. If you visit an American friend at home in the evening, you may find that your friend wears ___. A. pretty clothes B. informal clothes C. formal clothes D. dirty clothes 4. If you are in a foreign country, the best way the writer suggests to you is to wear ___. A. strange clothes B. as the people there do C. your native clothes D. pretty clothes 5. What do you think the passage is mainly about? A. Recent dressing habit in Great Britain and the United States B. The reason why informal clothing is popular in the UK and USA C. When we should wear in formal way D. Where we should wear in a formal way Exercise 3: Read the passage and decide whether the sentence is true (T) or false ( F ) If you are invited to someone’s house in America for dinner, you should bring a gift, such as a bunch of flowers or a box of chocolates. If you give your host a wrapped gift, he/she may open it in front of you. Opening a present in front of the gift-giver is considered polite. It shows that the host is excited about receiving the gift and wants to show his/her appreciation to you immediately. Even if the host doesn’t like it, he/she will tell a “white lie” and say how much they like the gift to prevent the guest from feeling bad. If your host asks you to arrive at a particular time, you should not arrive exactly on time or earlier than the expected time, because this is considered to be potentially inconvenient and therefore rude, as the host may not be ready. 1. [T] [F] If your host asks you to arrive at a particular time, you should arrive exactly on time. 2. [T] [F] If you are invited to someone’s house in America for dinner, you should bring a gift, such as chocolate or flowers. 3. [T] [F] Opening a present in front of the gift-giver isn’t considered impolite. 4. [T] [F] Opening a present shows that the host is excited about receiving it. 5. [T] [F] The host will say how much they like the gift to prevent the guest from feeling bad. 6. [T] [F] If you give your host a wrapped gift, he/she may open it after you leave. 7. [T] [F] You should not arrive earlier than the expected time.
6. UNIT 7. CULTURAL DIVERSITY ( PART II) A. Vocabulary: - superstitious (adj) – superstition (n) : mê tín - favourable (adj) : tiện lợi, phù hợp - altar (n) : bàn thờ - ritual (n) : nghi lễ - funeral (n) : đám tang - ancestor (n): tổ tiên - originate (v): bắt nguồn - prestigious (adj): danh tiếng - fortune (n): vận may - prosperity (n) – prosperous (adj): thịnh vượng - table manner (n): phép tắc ăn uống - approve (v) – approval (n)> < phản đối - newly-wed (n) : đôi tân hôn - background (n) : lai lịch - characteristic (n): tính cách, đặc trưng B. Grammar: ARTICLES (Mạo Từ) 1. Cách dùng mạo từ bất định “a /an”: Dùng “a ”trước những danh từ bắt đầu bằng các phụ âm, số ít. Dùng “an” trước những danh từ bắt đầu bằng các nguyên âm: /e/, /a/, /i/, /u/, /o/ h câm, số ít. Dùng a /an trong các trường hợp sau: Trước sự vật, sự việc được kể đến lần đầu tiên. I live in a house near a shop. Chỉ nghề nghiệp: I’m a student. My brother is an architect. Trong các cụm từ/ từ chỉ lượng: a pair of/ a little/ a few/ Dùng trong câu cảm thán: What a beautiful flower! Lưu ý: Đứng trước một danh từ mở đầu bằng "uni " phải dùng "a" (a university/ a uniform/ universal 2. Mạo từ “THE” * Dùng “the” trong các trường hợp sau: 1. Sự vật, sự việc kể đến lần thứ hai, người nghe và người nói đều biết. Ex: I live in a house. The house is very nice. 2. Chỉ các yếu tố duy nhất: the sun, the moon, the earth, the sea 3. Đi với tính từ: The rich, The poor 4. Trước từ chỉ biển, sông, khách sạn, quán bar, tên ban nhạc, tên các dãy núi Ví dụ: the Nile, the Huong Giang hotel, the Mekong river, the Himalaya, , Backstreetboy . 5. Chỉ quốc tịch: the Vietnamese, the Chinese 6. Trước tên của tập hợp nhiều bang, nhiều nước: the Asian , the United Nations 7. Trước một danh từ, với điều kiện danh từ này được xác định bằng một cụm từ hoặc một mệnh đề. Ex: The girl in uniform (Cô gái mặc đồng phục) The mechanic that I met (Người thợ máy mà tôi đã gặp) 8. Trước so sánh cao nhất, trước first (thứ nhất), second (thứ nhì), only (duy nhất) khi các từ này được dùng như tính từ hay đại từ. Ex: The first day (ngày đầu tiên), The best time (thời gian thuận tiện nhất) The only way (cách duy nhất) 9. The + họ (ở số nhiều) nghĩa là Gia đình
7. Ex:The Smiths = Gia đình Smith (vợ chồng Smith và các con) * Các trường hợp không dùng “the” 1. Trước danh từ đếm được, danh từ không đếm được nói chung. Ex: Books are good friends. Milk is good for you. 2. Trước tên quốc gia, tên châu lục, tên núi, tên hồ, tên đường, ngôn ngữ, sân bay, nhà ga, bữa ăn, Ex: Europe (Châu Âu), South America (Nam Mỹ), France (Pháp quốc), 3. Trước danh từ trừu tượng, trừ phi danh từ đó chỉ một trường hợp cá biệt. Men fear death (Con người sợ cái chết) 4. Trước tên gọi các bữa ăn, ngày, tháng 5. Trước phương tiện giao thông, các ngày lễ lớn PRACTICE Exercise 1. Choose the best answer. 1. When I___for an examination, I always try to avoid crossing the path of a woman. A. set out B. set up C. set about D. set apart 2. I never___ the floor during the first three days of the New Year. A. cross B. exist C. sweep D. lay 3. Superstitions still___ an important part of life for many people in Vietnam. A. take B. play C. do D. give 4. ___ is a ceremony or service which is held shortly after a person’s death. A. funeral B. wedding C. house moving day D. farewell party 5. People not only ___ the table for meals, but they also ___ food on the altar so their ancestors will join them for meal. A. lay B. put D. clean D. take 6. You should ___ attention to what your teacher is saying. A. take B. give C. have D. pay 7. Chung Cake (square sticky rice cake), pho (rice noodles), Nem (spring rolls) are the ___food in Vietnam. A. Tradition B. traditional C. traditionally D. traditionalism 8. Table ___ are always paid attention to by the British. A. Meaning B. meals C. manners D. decoration 9. Amish’s wedding ___ in the spring. A. Takes after B. takes over C. takes place D. takes along 10. The newly-wedding couple plan to spend their ___ in India. A. Honeymoon B. ceremony C. bride D. groom 11. Women and men should be given equal rights___ education and employment. A. for B. in C. to D. with 12. There have been significant changes in women's lives since the women's liberation movement. A. controlled B. economic C. important D. natural 13. Many people applied for that job and eventually she was chosen in preference to the others.
8. A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. less than 14. Superstitions still___an active role in life for many people in Vietnam. A. take B. play C. do D. give 15. We had dinner in___ most expensive restaurant in town. A. an B. x C. the D. a 16. My cousin's ___ is next Sunday. A. marriage B. wedding C. tradition D. assignment 17. There is a wedding ___ for all guests after the wedding ceremony. A. reception B. engagement C. proposal D. ring 18. The ___ can have as many bridesmaids as she wants. A. bride B. husband C. couple D. groom 19. Many people believe that the first person who visits their home on the first day of the New Year will their life. A. effect B. affect C. change D. afford 20. There are some things Americans would change, and thing people would change is their education. A. a big B. the C. a bigger D. the biggest Exercise 2. Fill in each blank with an article if necessary: 1. I want ___ apple from that basket. 2. ___church in the corner is progressive. 3. Miss Lin speaks ___Chinese. 4. I borrowed ___pencil from your pile of pencils and pens. 5. One of the students said, ___professor is late today." 6. Eli likes to play ___volleyball. 7. I bought ___umbrella to go out in the rain. 8. My daughter is learning to play ___violin at her school. 9. Please give me ___cake that is on the counter. 10. Albany is the capital of ___New York State. 11. ___apple a day keeps the doctor away. 12.Our neighbors have ___cat and ___dog. 13. I want ___new printer for Christmas. 14. Excuse me. Have you got ___time? 15. It was ___exciting movie. 16. I was four the first time I saw ___elephant. 17. It's such ___nice day that I think I'll go and read my book in the park. 18. My students like to do their activity books lying on ___floor 19. I saw ___eagle hovering high above the valley. 20. ___huge ape ran out of the forest and stole my picnic hamper. 21. Barbara hopes to go to ___university next year. 22. Carol’s father works as ___electrician. 23. Sarah thinks ___life is more difficult in a foreign country. 24. He gave me ___SMS mail yesterday. 25. He went to___University of DaNang.
9. Exercise 3. Read the following passage. Put a circle round the letter of the correct word to use in each blank. Janet got married to Pedro last Saturday, and we went to the wedding, which (1) place in a lovely little church in the country. Janet, the (2) , wore a beautiful white dress; it had a long train made of silk, and it was carried by a young (3) , who was the daughter of her elder sister. At the start, her husband-to-be, the (4) , was waiting for her at the front of the church. She walked down the aisle to the front with her father, and after the (5) , she came back down again with her husband. Afterwards, people (6) photos outside the church, and all the guests were invited to a (7) in a hotel nearby, where we all had a meal. During the meal, the (8) man, who was Pedro's oldest friend, made a lovely (9) , and told everyone about how they had met, what it was like when they first started going out, and what Pedro had said when he had (10) . Then a few hours later, they set off on their honeymoon, which they were going to spend in Bali. 1. A. found B. held C. took D. stood 2. A. lady B. groom C. maid D. bride 3. A. bridesmaid B. bridegroom C. bride D. groom 4. A. male B. man C. groom D. bride 5. A. ceremony B. party C. celebration D. custom 6. A. made B. did C. shot D. took 7. A. reception B. meeting C. greeting D. date 8. A. first B. best C. top D. greatest 9. A. talk B. lecture C. story D. Speech 10. A. Proposed B. engaged C. suggested D. intended Exercise 4. Fill in each blank with one word in A, B, C or D to complete the passage: When you are driving abroad you should make sure that you have all your documents with you. These (1)___ your passport, your driving licence and insurance papers. It (2)___ be very inconvenient if you (3)___ any of these or if you cannot find (4)___quickly. You must also make sure that your car has a nationality plate which shows the country where the car is registered; for (5)___, GB for Great Britain, F for France, N for Norway and so on. In some (6)___ you have to pay if you don’t (7)___motoring laws and this can sometimes cost you a lot of money. For instance, you may have to pay immediately if you are stopped by a police officer for taking no notice of traffic lights, speed (8)___ or if you allow children (9)___ the age of twelve to (10)___in the front seat of a vehicle. 1. A. include B. make C. mean D. contain 2. A. should B. can C. is D. has 3. A. miss B. hide C. lose D. pass 4. A. that B. those C. their D. them 5. A. once B. example C. general D. fact 6. A. countries B. positions C. ways D. routes 7. A. do B. allow C. obey D. continue 8. A. marks B. spots C. limits D. numbers 9. A. under B. lower C. over D. behind 10. A. follow B. pass C. travel D. wait
10. Exercise 5. Read the passage and choose the best answer Why we believe in astrology People believe in astrology because it offers many desirable things such as information and assurance about the future. Astrology claims that nothing in life is coincidental and everything that occurs to us happens for a particular reason. Astrology can provide us some good answers as to why these things happen to us and it can also predict them in advance. In this way, astrology actually helps people to understand the world around them much better. As practiced today, astrology can work quite well. Most of the people who visit astrologers or read their horoscopes regularly end up feeling happy and satisfied. This does not mean that the astrologers have accurately predicted the individuals’ future based on their horoscope dates, but it means that having a horoscope explained can be actually a very fulfilling experience. People enjoy reading their horoscope forecasts and this often leads to changes in personalities, behaviors and decision-making processes. Astrology can be a real lifesaver because it lets you know of the future obstacles and problems in advance. It is up to you whether you want to believe the advice and precautions suggested in a horoscope reading and save yourself from the pain without doing much. Astrology takes into account two major aspects - our birth potential and the effects of the planets and the stars on our personal horoscope. It can help us choose the right career and education path for us, in order to make a good and successful life. Last but not least, we believe in astrology because it’s about us. My horoscope is like a blueprint of my life that got created precisely at the time I was born. That means that my birth chart is as unique as my fingerprints are. Each planet’s placement in my horoscope can reveal a lot about my personality and destiny. 1. Astrology claims that nothing in life is happening by chance because . A. everything that occurs to us happens for no particular reason B. life can provide us some good reasons why these things happen to us C. it can help us predict our life in advance D. people can understand the world around them much better 2. After visiting astrologers, people often feel and satisfied because . A. having a horoscope explained can be a satisfied experience B. they have had their future predicted accurately based on their horoscope dates C. they have had astrologers read their horoscopes regularly D. astrologers help them understand the world much better on their own 3. All of the following about astrology are correct EXCEPT that . A. it lets you know of the future obstacles and problems in advance B. you must believe the advice and precautions suggested in a horoscope reading C. it considers our birth potential and the effects of the stars on our personal horoscope D. it may help us make a good and successful life 4. All of us believe and enjoy in astrology because . A. it can reveal our exact personality and destiny B. we know how our horoscope to be formed at the beginning C. our fingerprints make our birth chart unique in the horoscope D. our horoscope reading is unique based on the planet’s position 5. The word “blueprint” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to . A. a design for a building B. a description of something C. a copy or print of something D. a print of something in blue